Automotive industry: When taking energy saving and environmental protection (economic perspective)


Our reporter Zhao Yongxin

The automobile industry runs all the way, energy and environment "red light" shines

In many of China's "comes from behind" industries, the development of the "blowout" of automobiles is eye-catching.

"The rapid growth period of China's auto industry will continue for at least 20 years," said Zhao Hang, director of the China Automotive Technology and Research Center. It is estimated that in 2010, the domestic market will reach 9 million vehicles and the number of vehicles will reach 55 million. By then, China will become the world’s second largest automobile production and consumer after the United States.

However, behind the rapid growth, there is a red light that frequently shines on energy and the environment.

In 2004, China’s oil consumption increased to 310 million tons, making it the world’s second-largest oil consumer after the United States. The current year’s imports were 120 million tons and the foreign dependence was 42%. In the total consumption of 310 million tons, vehicle fuel reached 81.2 million tons, accounting for about 1/4. It can be predicted that with the continuous development of the automobile industry, the oil consumption will continue to increase. If no effective measures are taken, China’s energy security will be subject to more severe challenges, which will affect the development of the automotive industry.

The pollution caused by automobiles cannot be ignored either. China's motor vehicle fuel efficiency is about 30% lower than the world average, which not only wastes a lot of energy, but also exacerbates environmental pollution. The State Environmental Protection Administration's study of emission resolution in eight cities including Tianjin, Xi'an, Urumqi and Shanghai shows that motor vehicle emissions have exceeded industrial emissions and have become the primary source of air pollution. Inhalable particulates and nitrogen oxides in vehicle exhausts pose a serious health hazard to residents. Respiratory diseases have become the second largest health killer in the city after cardiovascular disease.

"In the face of increasingly severe energy and pollution challenges, taking the road of energy conservation and environmental protection has become the only way for China's automobile industry."

Ye Ruxuan, vice chairman of the National People's Congress, said that this is not only a requirement for the implementation of the scientific concept of development, a resource-conserving and environment-friendly society, but also a rational choice for the auto industry to improve its own competitiveness and achieve sustainable development.

Government guidance, legal norms, and consumption promotion, promote energy conservation in three directions

How to promote the automotive industry faster and better take the road to energy conservation and environmental protection?

Ye Rugao pointed out that the government’s macroeconomic regulation and control is of vital importance. First, it is necessary to solve the problems of saving resources, reducing energy consumption, and environment from the policy level according to China’s current economic development level, social resources, and the carrying capacity of the environment, combined with the actual conditions of the automobile industry. The problem of pollution will lead the Chinese auto industry to a healthy development path of high-efficiency, energy-saving and environmental protection. Second, it will resolutely abolish the "earth policy" of some cities and encourage the development of small-displacement vehicles. At the same time, it will formulate government procurement and collect fuel tax and funds early. Subsidies and other fiscal and tax policies restrict luxury-sized cars with large displacements.

Establish and improve relevant laws and regulations and supervise the implementation of them. Xu Xiaodong, director of the National People's Congress Environment Research Center, and Guo Guorong, director of the SASAC Research Center, pointed out that the current leapfrogging development of the automobile industry has led to lagging laws and regulations related to it, especially laws and regulations related to energy conservation and environmental protection. There are still many gaps. While filling gaps as quickly as possible, it is necessary to increase supervision and conscientiously implement existing laws and regulations and standards systems, such as automobile emission standards and fuel quality standards.

“The development of energy-saving and environmentally-friendly cars will ultimately be achieved through the consumer market.” Liu Junhai, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences’ Economic Law, points out that at present, there is a serious "pan-big-widening" phenomenon in the automobile consumption field. Many people think that a small displacement vehicle is "Lost face", this consumer psychology and social atmosphere have, to a large extent, limited the development of energy-saving and environmentally-friendly cars. To change this situation, it is necessary for government agencies to take the lead and set an example, vigorously promote life-style, development-oriented consumption, and limit luxury-style and show-off consumption.

Take precautions and vigorously develop new energy vehicles

“Looking at the long term, whether it is from oil supply or environmental pressure, relying solely on petroleum fuels will be difficult to last. New energy vehicles are the general trend.” Ma Songde, deputy minister of the Ministry of Science and Technology pointed out: “In the future, China should work hard in three aspects: First, to increase fuel consumption. While promoting the efficiency and cleanliness of automobiles, we will promote various alternative fuel vehicles. Second, we must vigorously research and develop hybrid vehicles and realize industrialization in order to prepare for the transformation of automotive power systems. Third, we must increase fuel cell vehicles, The research, development and demonstration of hydrogen energy technology will promote the formation and industrialization of the fuel cell vehicle market."

The good news is that during the "10th Five-Year Plan" period, through the joint efforts of relevant production, research, and research departments, China has developed and developed prototypes and performance prototypes for hybrid and fuel cell vehicles in five cities in Beijing and Shanghai. Operation. By the end of this year, new hybrid, pure electric and fuel cell buses and cars will be introduced.

"The above results have made the world look and show the new vision of China's auto industry." While delighting, Deputy Minister Ma Songde is also not worried: Due to the high research cost, the price of new energy vehicles is higher than that of traditional cars. There is a big problem in the promotion and application in the market. He sincerely stated: "I hope that more people in the entire society, including entrepreneurs and investors, will pay attention to and support the development of new energy vehicles. We also hope that relevant government departments will formulate policies as soon as possible to encourage the use of new energy vehicles, including in developed countries. Government subsidies already in place and government procurement will work together to create a good industrial environment."

The People's Daily (6th December 2005)


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